AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02 Practice Test

AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02 Practice Test practice questions, page 20 of 21, with answer review and explanations.

Question 96

A solutions architect needs to implement a client-side encryption mechanism for objects that will be stored in a new Amazon S3 bucket. The solutions architect created a CMK that is stored in AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) for this purpose. The solutions architect created the following IAM policy and attached it to an IAM role: During tests, the solutions architect was able to successfully get existing test objects in the S3 bucket. However, attempts to upload a new object resulted in an error message. The error message stated that the action was forbidden. Which action must the solutions architect add to the IAM policy to meet all the requirements?

  1. kms:GenerateDataKey
  2. kms:GetKeyPolicy
  3. kms:GetPublicKey
  4. kms:Sign

Question 97

A company has developed a web application. The company is hosting the application on a group of Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The company wants to improve the security posture of the application and plans to use AWS WAF web ACLs. The solution must not adversely affect legitimate traffic to the application. How should a solutions architect configure the web ACLs to meet these requirements?

  1. Set the action of the web ACL rules to Count. Enable AWS WAF logging. Analyze the requests for false positives. Modify the rules to avoid any false positive. Over time, change the action of the web ACL rules from Count to Block.
  2. Use only rate-based rules in the web ACLs, and set the throttle limit as high as possible. Temporarily block all requests that exceed the limit. Define nested rules to narrow the scope of the rate tracking.
  3. Set the action of the web ACL rules to Block. Use only AWS managed rule groups in the web ACLs. Evaluate the rule groups by using Amazon CloudWatch metrics with AWS WAF sampled requests or AWS WAF logs.
  4. Use only custom rule groups in the web ACLs, and set the action to Allow. Enable AWS WAF logging. Analyze the requests for false positives. Modify the rules to avoid any false positive. Over time, change the action of the web ACL rules from Allow to Block.

Question 98

A company has an organization that has many AWS accounts in AWS Organizations. A solutions architect must improve how the company manages common security group rules for the AWS accounts in the organization. The company has a common set of IP CIDR ranges in an allow list in each AWS account to allow access to and from the company’s on-premises network. Developers within each account are responsible for adding new IP CIDR ranges to their security groups. The security team has its own AWS account. Currently, the security team notifies the owners of the other AWS accounts when changes are made to the allow list. The solutions architect must design a solution that distributes the common set of CIDR ranges across all accounts. Which solution meets these requirements with the LEAST amount of operational overhead?

  1. Set up an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic in the security team's AWS account. Deploy an AWS Lambda function in each AWS account. Configure the Lambda function to run every time an SNS topic receives a message. Configure the Lambda function to take an IP address as input and add it to a list of security groups in the account. Instruct the security team to distribute changes by publishing messages to its SNS topic.
  2. Create new customer-managed prefix lists in each AWS account within the organization. Populate the prefix lists in each account with all internal CIDR ranges. Notify the owner of each AWS account to allow the new customer-managed prefix list IDs in their accounts in their security groups. Instruct the security team to share updates with each AWS account owner.
  3. Create a new customer-managed prefix list in the security team’s AWS account. Populate the customer-managed prefix list with all internal CIDR ranges. Share the customer-managed prefix list with the organization by using AWS Resource Access Manager. Notify the owner of each AWS account to allow the new customer-managed prefix list ID in their security groups.
  4. Create an IAM role in each account in the organization. Grant permissions to update security groups. Deploy an AWS Lambda function in the security team’s AWS account. Configure the Lambda function to take a list of internal IP addresses as input, assume a role in each organization account, and add the list of IP addresses to the security groups in each account.

Question 99

A company has introduced a new policy that allows employees to work remotely from their homes if they connect by using a VPN. The company is hosting internal applications with VPCs in multiple AWS accounts. Currently, the applications are accessible from the company's on-premises office network through an AWS Site-to-Site VPN connection. The VPC in the company's main AWS account has peering connections established with VPCs in other AWS accounts. A solutions architect must design a scalable AWS Client VPN solution for employees to use while they work from home. What is the MOST cost-effective solution that meets these requirements?

  1. Create a Client VPN endpoint in each AWS account. Configure required routing that allows access to internal applications.
  2. Create a Client VPN endpoint in the main AWS account. Configure required routing that allows access to internal applications.
  3. Create a Client VPN endpoint in the main AWS account. Provision a transit gateway that is connected to each AWS account. Configure required routing that allows access to internal applications.
  4. Create a Client VPN endpoint in the main AWS account. Establish connectivity between the Client VPN endpoint and the AWS Site-to-Site VPN.

Question 100

A company is running an application in the AWS Cloud. Recent application metrics show inconsistent response times and a significant increase in error rates. Calls to third-party services are causing the delays. Currently, the application calls third-party services synchronously by directly invoking an AWS Lambda function. A solutions architect needs to decouple the third-party service calls and ensure that all the calls are eventually completed. Which solution will meet these requirements?

  1. Use an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue to store events and invoke the Lambda function.
  2. Use an AWS Step Functions state machine to pass events to the Lambda function.
  3. Use an Amazon EventBridge rule to pass events to the Lambda function.
  4. Use an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic to store events and Invoke the Lambda function.