AWS Certified Security - Specialty

AWS Certified Security - Specialty practice questions, page 20 of 21, with answer review and explanations.

Question 96

A Security Administrator at a university is configuring a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances. The EC2 instances are shared among students, and non-root SSH access is allowed. The Administrator is concerned about students attacking other AWS account resources by using the EC2 instance metadata service. What can the Administrator do to protect against this potential attack?

  1. Disable the EC2 instance metadata service.
  2. Log all student SSH interactive session activity.
  3. Implement iptables-based restrictions on the instances.
  4. Install the Amazon Inspector agent on the instances.

Question 97

An organization receives an alert that indicates that an EC2 instance behind an ELB Classic Load Balancer has been compromised. What techniques will limit lateral movement and allow evidence gathering?

  1. Remove the instance from the load balancer and terminate it.
  2. Remove the instance from the load balancer, and shut down access to the instance by tightening the security group.
  3. Reboot the instance and check for any Amazon CloudWatch alarms.
  4. Stop the instance and make a snapshot of the root EBS volume.

Question 98

A Development team has asked for help configuring the IAM roles and policies in a new AWS account. The team using the account expects to have hundreds of master keys and therefore does not want to manage access control for customer master keys (CMKs). Which of the following will allow the team to manage AWS KMS permissions in IAM without the complexity of editing individual key policies?

  1. The account's CMK key policy must allow the account's IAM roles to perform KMS EnableKey.
  2. Newly created CMKs must have a key policy that allows the root principal to perform all actions.
  3. Newly created CMKs must allow the root principal to perform the kms CreateGrant API operation.
  4. Newly created CMKs must mirror the IAM policy of the KMS key administrator.

Question 99

An Amazon EC2 instance is part of an EC2 Auto Scaling group that is behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). It is suspected that the EC2 instance has been compromised. Which steps should be taken to investigate the suspected compromise? (Choose three.)

  1. Detach the elastic network interface from the EC2 instance.
  2. Initiate an Amazon Elastic Block Store volume snapshot of all volumes on the EC2 instance.
  3. Disable any Amazon Route 53 health checks associated with the EC2 instance.
  4. De-register the EC2 instance from the ALB and detach it from the Auto Scaling group.
  5. Attach a security group that has restrictive ingress and egress rules to the EC2 instance.
  6. Add a rule to an AWS WAF to block access to the EC2 instance.

Question 100

A company has five AWS accounts and wants to use AWS CloudTrail to log API calls. The log files must be stored in an Amazon S3 bucket that resides in a new account specifically built for centralized services with a unique top-level prefix for each trail. The configuration must also enable detection of any modification to the logs. Which of the following steps will implement these requirements? (Choose three.)

  1. Create a new S3 bucket in a separate AWS account for centralized storage of CloudTrail logs, and enable ג€Log File Validationג€ on all trails.
  2. Use an existing S3 bucket in one of the accounts, apply a bucket policy to the new centralized S3 bucket that permits the CloudTrail service to use the "s3: PutObject" action and the "s3 GetBucketACL" action, and specify the appropriate resource ARNs for the CloudTrail trails.
  3. Apply a bucket policy to the new centralized S3 bucket that permits the CloudTrail service to use the "s3 PutObject" action and the "s3 GelBucketACL" action, and specify the appropriate resource ARNs for the CloudTrail trails.
  4. Use unique log file prefixes for trails in each AWS account.
  5. Configure CloudTrail in the centralized account to log all accounts to the new centralized S3 bucket.
  6. Enable encryption of the log files by using AWS Key Management Service