Avoid the 60 minutes timeout when using the AWS CLI with IAM roles

You can configure the AWS CLI to assume an IAM role for you in combination with MFA. If you are a power user of the CLI, you will realize that you have to enter your MFA token every 60 minutes, which is annoying.

You will learn how to fix that in the following.

AWS account setup

Let’s assume we have three AWS accounts.

Account id	Alias	Description
000000000000	iam	Only IAM users are created in this account
111111111111	dev	Development workloads
222222222222	prod	Production workloads

Besides that:

In the iam account, an IAM user named michael is created. MFA is enabled, and an access key is generated.
In the dev and prod accounts, the following IAM role is created (CloudFormation template):

---
AWSTemplateFormatVersion: '2010-09-09'
Resources:
  AdminRole:
    Type: 'AWS::IAM::Role'
    Properties:
      AssumeRolePolicyDocument:
        Version: '2012-10-17'
        Statement:
        - Effect: Allow
          Principal:
            AWS: 'arn:aws:iam::000000000000:root' # replace this with your iam account id
          Action: 'sts:AssumeRole'
          Condition:
            Bool:
              'aws:MultiFactorAuthPresent': true
      ManagedPolicyArns:
      - 'arn:aws:iam::aws:policy/AdministratorAccess'
      MaxSessionDuration: 43200 # 12 hours in seconds
      RoleName: Admin

Ensure that you set the MaxSessionDuration property! The default is 60 minutes.

Configuring the AWS CLI

The AWS CLI stores the configuration in ~/.aws/credentials (or %UserProfile%.awscredentials if you are using Windows).

First of all, configure the access key from the michael IAM user using the aws_access_key_id and aws_secret_access_key configuration values. The value between the square brackets is called the profile name.

[iam]
aws_access_key_id = AKIA****************
aws_secret_access_key = ****************************************

After that, configure the IAM roles you want to assume. The following configuration values are used:

Configuration value	Description
role_arn	ARN of the role you want to assume
source_profile	Reference the profile of the IAM user
mfa_serial	ARN of the virtual MFA device or the serial number for a hardware device
duration_seconds	The expiry of the credentials returned by the assume role call

Ensure that you set the duration_seconds property! The default is 60 minutes.

Add the following profiles to the credentials file.

[dev]
role_arn = arn:aws:iam::111111111111:role/Admin
source_profile = iam
mfa_serial = arn:aws:iam::000000000000:mfa/michael
duration_seconds = 43200

[prod]
role_arn = arn:aws:iam::222222222222:role/Admin
source_profile = iam
mfa_serial = arn:aws:iam::000000000000:mfa/michael
duration_seconds = 43200

Using the profiles

The --profile parameter lets you specify the profile you want to use when working with the CLI.

aws --profile dev s3 ls
aws --profile prod s3 ls

The AWS CLI will ask you for your MFA token the first time you make a call.

You can also set the AWS_PROFILE environment variable to avoid typing --profile ... all the time.

export AWS_PROFILE=dev
aws s3 ls

Summary

To avoid frequent re-enter of the MFA token when using the AWS CLI, you have to adjust the MaxSessionDuration of the IAM role and the duration_seconds configuration value of the AWS CLI.